The biocompatibility of a new endodontic paste used in dental trauma / Biocompatibilidade de uma nova pasta utilizada em traumatismo dentário

Objective: This study investigated the short-term subcutaneous tissue reaction of a new endodontic paste, based on the association among calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2], 2% chlorhexidine gel (CHX) and zinc oxide (ZnO) in comparison with a control paste, and the individual substances alone. Material and method: Twenty-four male wistar rats were used. Polyethylene tubes containing the materials were implanted into the dorsal connective tissue of rats. Empty implanted tubes served as controls. The materials used were: Ca(OH)2+CHX+ZnO paste in two different proportions (2:1:2) and (2:1:3), a control paste, Ca(OH)2+CHX (2:1), and the substances alone. After time intervals of 2, 3, 7 and 15 days, the animals were euthanized and the specimens prepared for histological processing. Data were evaluated qualitatively according to the levels of tissue repair and the degree of inflammation. Result: On the second day all the materials were observed to cause a severe inflammatory response. On the third day, the pastes Ca(OH)2+CHX+ZnO (2:1:2) and (2:1:3) showed reduction in degree of inflammation. On seventh day the tissue was already more organized with presence of collagen fibers in all materials. After 15 days it was found that compound Ca(OH)2+CHX+ZnO (2:1:2) showed areas with no inflammatory infiltrate. Conclusion: The experimental pastes, Ca(OH)2+CHX+ZnO in two different proportions (2:1:2) and (2:1:3), showed favorable results with respect to biocompatibility, when evaluated for a short-term.

Objetivo: O presente estudo investigou a reação em tecido subcutâneo de ratos, por um curto período, de uma nova pasta endodôntica, obtida a partir da associação entre o hidróxido de cálcio [Ca(OH)2], clorexidina gel 2% (CHX) e óxido de zinco (ZnO), em comparação à pasta controle, e as substâncias isoladamente. Material e método: Foram utilizados vinte e quatro ratos wistar machos. Tubos de polietileno contendo os materiais foram implantados no tecido conjuntivo dorsal de ratos. Tubos vazios foram utilizados como controle. Os materiais utilizados foram: Pasta de Ca(OH)2 + CHX + ZnO em duas proporções diferentes (2: 1: 2) e (2: 1: 3), pasta controle, Ca(OH)2< + CHX (2:1), e as substâncias isoladas. Após intervalos de tempo de 2, 3, 7 e 15 dias, os animais foram sacrificados e as amostras preparadas para processamento histológico. Os dados foram avaliados qualitativamente de acordo com os níveis de reparo dos tecidos e do grau de inflamação. Resultado: No segundo dia observou-se que todos os materiais causaram uma resposta inflamatória grave. No terceiro dia, as pastas de Ca(OH)2 + CHX + ZnO (2: 1: 2) e (2: 1: 3) mostraram uma redução no grau de inflamação. No sétimo dia, o tecido encontrava-se mais organizado, com a presença de fibras colágenas em todos os materiais. Após 15 dias, verificou-se que a pasta de Ca(OH)2 + CHX + ZnO (2: 1: 2) mostrou áreas sem infiltrado inflamatório. Conclusão: As pastas experimentais, Ca(OH)2 + CHX + ZnO, nas duas proporções avaliadas (2: 1: 2) e (2: 1: 3), mostraram resultados favoráveis em relação à biocompatibilidade, quando avaliada por curto período de tempo.

Role of periodontics in the treatment to traumatized teeth: a 4-year retrospective evaluation

Treatment of dental trauma should be planned based on a multidisciplinary approach. It is knownthat the maintenance of oral health in these situations depends not only on the viability of dentaltissues, but also on the periodontal damage occurred and the emergency therapeutic proceduresperformed. Aim: The purpose of this epidemiological retrospective study was to assess theperiodontal involvement in traumatized teeth treated at the Piracicaba Dental School/,UNICAMPDental Trauma Attendance Service (DTAS), during a period of 4 years. Methods: Clinical chartsof patients (n=203) treated between 2006 and 2009 at DTAS were retrospectively analyzed.Results: A total of 295 traumatized teeth were assessed about history, type of dental trauma, andperiodontal tissue damage detected during clinical and radiographic examination. Moreover, thetreatment associated with periodontal damage resolution was also determined. Of the 295traumatized teeth, 184 had periodontal damage (62.3%) and from this total, crown-root fractureswith invasion of biological width were found in 42% of the cases, followed by bone injury (30%).Regarding the periodontal treatment performed, periodontal surgery to re-establish the biologicalwidth prevailed between procedures with 39% of the cases. Conclusions: It could be concludedthat Periodontics has an essential role in the multidisciplinary approach for the treatment of traumatizedpatients and that the conjunct work is important to re-establish the overall oral health.

Avaliação histológica, em subcutâneo de ratos, das substâncias hidróxido de cálcio, clorexidina gel a 2% e óxido de zinco e suas associações / Histological evaluation in subcutaneous tissue of rats, the calcium hydroxide substances, chlorhexidine gel 2% and zinc oxide and their associations

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar, in vivo, a biocompatibilidade das substâncias hidróxido de cálcio (Ca(OH)2 ), clorexidina gel a 2% (CLX 2%) e óxido de zinco (ZnO), e os compostos formados da associação destas substâncias. Foram utilizados 24 ratos Winstar adultos nos quais tubos de polietileno com as substancias e compostos foram implantadas em seu dorso. As peças foram removidosem 48 e 72 horas, 7 e 15 dias e preparadas para o processamento histológico. Observou-se que no segundo dia que todas as substâncias e associações causaram uma resposta inflamatória intensa. Após 72 horas, os compostos Ca(OH)2, CLX 2% e ZnO (2:1:2) e Ca(OH)2, CLX 2% e ZnO (2:1:3) apresentaram redução do grau de inflamação. No sétimo dia, o tecido já se encontrava mais organizado com a presença de fibras colágenas em todas substâncias e compostos. Verificou-se, também, que aos 15 dias, o composto Ca(OH)2, CLX 2% e ZnO (2:1:2) mostrou áreas com ausência de infiltrado inflamatório. O teste Anova One Way foi usado para os dados paramétricos, reparo tecidual, e, o teste Kruskall Wallis, para os dados não paramétricos, grau de inflamação (p‹0,05). Concluiu-se, dentro dos parâmetros deste estudo, que as substâncias e seus compostos mostraram-se biocompativeis aos tecidos vivos

The objective of this study was to evaluate, in vivo, the biocompatibility of calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2), 2% chlor hexidinegel (2% CLX) and zinc oxide (ZnO), and the compounds formed from the association of these substances.24adults Winstarrats were used. Polyethylene tubes with substances and compounds were implanted inhis back. The pieces were removed in 48and 72hours, 7 and15 daysand prepared forhistological processing. It was observed thatthe second daythat all substancesand associations cause danintense inflammatory response. After72 hours, the compounds Ca(OH)2, ZnO and 2% CLX (2:1:2) and Ca(OH)2, ZnO and 2% CLX (2:1:3) showed a reduction in the de gree of inflammation. On the seventh day, the tissue was already more organized with the presence of collagen fibersin all substances and compounds. There wasalso thatat 15 days, the compound Ca(OH)2, ZnO and 2% CLX (2:1:2) showedareas with no inflammatory infiltrate. The One Way ANOVA was used for parametric data, tissue repair, and the Kruskal Wallistest for nonparametric data, degree of inflammation (p <0.05). It is concluded, within the parameters of this study, that the substances and their associations are considered biocompatible

Hyaluronan does not improve bone healing in critical size calvarial defects in rats: a radiographic evaluation

Aim: This study evaluated radiographically the effects of 1% hyaluronan in bone healing using a critical size rat-calvaria defect model. Methods: Thirty adult male Wistar rats were used in this study. Two 6-mm-diameter critical-size defects were created and the treatments were randomly distributed as follows: 1) 1% hyaluronan; 2) 1% hyaluronan soak loaded onto an absorbable collagen sponge (ACS) carrier; 3) saline; and 4) ACS alone. The animals were sacrificed at 4 and 8 weeks when biopsies were collected and radiographs obtained using a direct digital radiograph system and a standardized protocol. A blind examiner evaluated the radiographic density of the images twice and an intra class correlation was performed to evaluate examiner reproducibility (R2=0.99, p<0.001). Comparisons between 4 and 8 weeks of treatment were performed by Student’s t test and comparisons between treatments and time by two-way A NOVA at 5% significance level. Results: There were no noteworthy differences between 4 or 8 weeks within each treatment group (p>0.05). When treatments were compared no significant differences between groups were found (p>0.05). Conclusions: Within the limits of this study, it can be concluded that 1% hyaluronan gel alone or its association with a carrier does not improve bone healing.